A Miniaturized 90° Hybrid Coupler Utilizing Slow Wave Effects With a Hybrid Approach

초록

A 90 degrees hybrid coupler is one of the essential components widely used in various RF applications. The arms of the conventional branch line 90 degrees hybrid coupler typically require a lambda/4 length. In applications operating at low frequencies in the megahertz range or those demanding extremely small form factors, miniaturization becomes even more critical. In this letter, we present a 90 degrees hybrid coupler using a hybrid approach to achieve miniaturization by combining meander lines and discontinuity lines. The proposed 90 degrees hybrid coupler is validated via simulation and measurement, where the results show that the size of the proposed coupler is less than 0.1 lambda in both the width and length, indicating a size reduction of 95.1%.

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